Nostradamus Essay - 969 Words

Nostradamus nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the 16th century, a French doctor and prophet, Michel de Nostradame, was born. He gained his fame when his predictions of the death of King Henry II of France came true. Nostradamus, as he is also known, wrote a ten volume book, The Centuries, filled with prophecies. He became a man that people from all over the world came to see to seek his counsel. Nostradamus had a life filled with many twists and turns and has made many prophecies that have come true during the twentieth century. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;His grandfathers were the first people to notice his display of talent for prophecy when Nostradamus was very young. His grandfathers taught him a wide range of subjects: classical†¦show more content†¦He helped many people get better from this sickness except his own family. All of them died as a result of the plague. When people heard that he could not even save his own family, his reputation was ruined. He escaped Agen under cover of darkness, heading toward Italy. For the next six years, he wandered in Europe on â€Å"a journey of self-discovery.† (Hogue 16.) It was during this time that his prophetic powers came to life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Once he settled down again in the city of Salon, he remodeled a floor in his house to make it his private study. There he installed his collection of magical devices: astrolalus, divining rods, magic mirrors, and a brass bowl and tripod. He studied at night and people sometimes wondered what the doctor could possibly be doing while others slept. In 1544, he then published his fist almanac of prophecies. This is where his quatrains were first used in his writings Quatrains are four line poems. The success of this almanac encouraged him to publish one every year until his death. In 1554, he began writing his most famous book, The Centuries. It was to have ten volumes with each containing one hundred quatrains. The first three volumes were published in 1555, four through seven in 1556, and the final three were published after his death. (Roberts 23.) Reaction to his books was mixed. Some called him a genius. Some called him an instrument of Satan. His medical colleagues called him anShow MoreRelatedThe Prophecies of Nostradamus Essay2788 Words   |  12 PagesAbstract    What if there was a man who could see into the future? He could predict the fate of not only the ones closet to him, but the fate of the world. Nostradamus was a highly educated man in the medical field. But when tragedy struck him hard, he led a life of solitude. This is the time when he made most of his predictions. Nostradamus was a profit who not only predicted many events throughout history, but also helped put a stop to the plague that devastated Southern France during the 16thRead More Nostradamus Essay examples1506 Words   |  7 PagesNostradamus Biography The following is a biography of Michel de Nostredame, it is a excerpt from Erika Cheetham, The Prophecies of Nostradamus. Childhood Michel de Nostradame, more commonly known as Nostradamus, was born on 14th December 1503, in St. Remy de Provence. His parents were of simple lineage from around Avignon. Nostradamus was the oldest son, and had four brothers; of the first three we know little; the youngest, Jean, became Procureur of the Parliament of the Provence. Read More Nostradamus: The Truth Behind the Prophecies Essay2209 Words   |  9 Pagesin the writings of Nostradamus. For many occasions people have been convinced that this man could see the future and he documented it in his many journals and books titled The Centuries. The writings and prophecies have been a controversial issue for many years. Most Nostradomus translators have more than likely misinterpreted his work because of his nearly illegible style of writings, thus false information is commonly found about this man of the past.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nostradamus, a French Jew convertedRead MoreRedemption, a Literary Device: Hey Nostradamus! Response Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesREDEMPTION 1 Redemption, A Literary Device: Hey Nostradamus! Response Essay Kathy Ottaway, 020091223 Instructor Esther  Griffin 10F Cdn. Literature and Criticism - 01 HUMN2000-10F-11296 Tuesday, November 30, 2010 REDEMPTION 2 Redemption, A Literary Device: Hey Nostradamus! Response Essay Redemption. It is a single word that holds great meaning for both the ones who seek it, and for those whose opinions are the ones to grant it, whether it is an outsideRead MoreEssay on Our Decisions and a Predetermined Fate: Oedipus the King772 Words   |  4 Pagestime prophecies have supposedly been passed down directly from the gods unto the prophets. In the ancient Grecian time, god’s word was worshipped and fate was all but fact. In the bible, Moses was one of the most famous prophets. In the 1500s, Nostradamus, who was a French apothecary and seer, wrote an entire collection of prophecies. Throughout history there have been theses men and many more who claimed to know details about the future. Why would so many prophecies become world renowned if thereRead MoreAnalysis Of Hey Nostradamus1514 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"I was glued to Cheryl. My arms actually made suction noises when I moved them. I was covered in her blood.†Coupland, Douglas. Hey Nostradamus ! London: Harper Perennial, 2004. Print. Hey Nostradamus is a book that was written in 2004 set in the real world, about a fictional shooting that took place at Delbrook secondary school, and around the Vancouver area. The story is based on four different peoples accounts in a first person point of view. With each person explaining religion, losing loved onesRead MoreThe Satanic Verses And Hey Nostradamus969 Words   |  4 Pages While the sacred can be reengaged, The Satanic Verses and Hey Nostradamus! depict the secular as people become isolated from belief. By exposing hypocrisy and challenging what is deemed sacred, The Satanic Verses and Hey Nostradamus! uncover the darkness within religion, illustrating possible impurity in religious authority and legitimacy. Peter Mullen points out that religious texts have ‘a definitive authority for the communities which accept and uphold them’. Such authority is engaged with andRead MoreThe Satanic Verses, Truth And Falsity9 99 Words   |  4 Pagesshowing a necessity for the sacred. Nothing stands without faith, and replacements of religion are meaningless. Secularism and the sacred define each other and become inseparable. Doubt in Hey Nostradamus! is brought forward by constant misplacements. Rather than doubt of the sacred and the secular, Hey Nostradamus! engages in the doubt of whether good and evil can coexist, especially in religion. Constant doubt can be found in denarration of the characters, ‘all born lost’(146) as a generation cleanRead MoreWhy Demographic Trends Spell Trouble For China And Russia1299 Words   |  6 Pagesmaking predictions about the future. One of the most famous being, Michel de Nostradamus who lived during the 16th century and is best known for his quatrains that were published in a book call Les Prophecies (Biography.Com). Nostradamus predictions that are forecasted way past the 21st century are based on judicial astrology that calculates planets and stellar bodies in relationship to the earth (History.com). Like Nostradamus, today’s futurists forecast the future however, they use techniques likeRead MoreMedieval Times From The 21st Century2110 Wo rds   |  9 Pagesdoctor in medieval times was Nostradamus. He was believed to be psychic and predict the future. Many believed that his prophecies have come true. Nostradamus was a very important person during the black plague. The black plague was an extremely deadly and vicious disease that killed nearly 40 million people during the Middle Ages. Nostradamus is most known for his work during this time. Many other doctors during the plague were using much different methods than Nostradamus. Most doctors believed that

Rhetorical Analysis Of The Tamarisk Hunter - 1757 Words

Brian Wiest Professor Loren Eason Writing 37 6 November 2017 Rhetorical Analysis In â€Å"The Tamarisk Hunter,† author Paolo Bacigalupe elaborates on the theory of Trickle Down Economics. The Trickle-Down theory claims that by giving more freedom and power to wealthy sources, individuals will become able to contribute more to society. In other words, their economic involvement is theorized to advance overall societal wealth. Bacigalupe satirically approaches this theory in that he further stresses how the water and resources in the short story do not gradually reach the lower class. But rather California, representative of the upper class, hordes all of the water in the West and it by no means trickles down to those like Lolo and his†¦show more content†¦A reader cannot truly perceive the concept of inequality without analysing how those like Lolo are given very little. Due to the fact California acquires all of the water through the Colorado River, the less fortunate like Lolo are obligated to go great lengths to merely make a living. Lolo’s job requires him to remove tamarisk alongside the waterline. Tamarisks fundamentally retain water from the river to the extent that they could detrimentally affect the water supply. However, this job does not adequately support him and his wife Annie in terms of water, therefore they need to illegally smuggle it. The theory of trickle down economics infers that there is an advancement of overall resources for all individuals, and unmistakably that is not the case. The water does not trickle down to individuals like Lolo, consequently they are nearly mandated to steal it. The author deliberately attaches the concept of the allocation of water, given in and of itself, the term trickle down is synonymous with water. Bacigalupe is showing the reader that if this economic theory benefitted all of society, then there would not be members of the lower class struggling to survive. Additionally, Lolo faces no punishment for stealing water, which essentially means that thievery is somewhat warranted; the author expects those who are

Marketing and Competitive Environment in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Marketing and Competitive Environment in Australia. Answer: Introduction In the past few years, there has been an escalation in the competition between providers of higher education within one of the most attractive education market, Australia (Coaldrake Stedman, 1997). The forthcoming years are bound to see another steep escalation in the manner as well as intensity of this competition as globalization picks up even more pace. More than that, advancement in technologies is also leading a clear path for this competition to intensify, along with that the deregulation of the domestic sector has also continued, and the per capita funding has reduced further (Bradley, 2003; O?Keefe, 2005). As this market continues to become much more mature, we will see that even greater elements are added in the mix for better competition as well as contestability majorly for the interests of efficiency and productivity (Brett, 2000) Exacerbating this entire situation are the reports that there has been a slackening in the demand of overseas students in the traditional market. These are the students whose fees have kept many universities from sinking and these universities are still afloat (Illing, 2005d). We can say that there has been an increase in the local market as well as one can see that many international and foreign names have also popped up searching for newer and better opportunities in the Australian Market (Cohen, 2005). We also see a rise in the number of new providers who are offering training and education in many more non-traditional forms (Marginson Considine, 2000). As we see that various Australian public universities are maneuvering for a higher market position, one can doubt up on the capacity of the market to hold all and give enough opportunities to prosper and survive (Brown, 2005a). Marketing and competitive environment Now for this part of the paper, we went through a thesis report by Donald J. Bradman, The Quest of Australian Public Universities for Competitive Advantage in a Global Higher Education Environment where he had interviews with high end representatives of different universities in Australia and we have also gone through the official sites of this university. The university with which we are concerned with is The University of Queensland (sandstone). Some of the top assumptions and implications which we could make out from all these sources were that(Bradman, 2007) :- The level of intensification for the rise in level of competition has been different for different universities but the University of Queensland has been the in the group which is highly concerned with this intensification. A wide range of strategies have been applied by different universities and the University of Queensland is no different in response to this rapid intensification of competition. As we get to know from the prospectus of universities, strategy for 2014-17, university under the situation of competition, change and uncertainty will seek to develop and identify appropriate and new strategic priorities in both research nd teaching and also in development, diversification of resource base, management and in use of technology. Now for further understanding the planning and competiton strategy for the university, we need to go through this screenshot from the prospectus if university for the ongoing batches. Let us observe it:- So, if we go through it quickly, the salient features which one can understand are what cover up basically both the competitive as well as marketing environment(Queensland, 2014) . They are trying to nullify racism or discrimination based on the basis of ethnicity and they wish to attract and keep students from round the world with only qualification being based on educational level.The students will be selected specifically on the basis of merit and potentialImprove and increase participation of students from under represented cohorts for example the indigenous Australian students.Increasing the rate of students retention by better and interactive support systems They focus of the University is at providing an environment where in the main focus is on teaching and the students and all the other things are secondary. This ensures that the students and their parents feel secure while sending their children to university and they can be assured that the utmost importance would be given to the knowledge which the students can gain from their experienced faculty and facilities within the university.Support and adhere to innovative teaching methods which will deliver better outcomes to the studentsProvide students with high quality open resources and learning materialsProvide students with international experience with the help of international internships The university wants to lead the pack in the field of online education and be a role model for other universities and be the first priority for all the students locally and internationally. This will ensure students gain experience and also enhance the quality of teachers and teaching.Develop and publicise innovative online portals and materials which enrich the on-campus experience and also enhance their international profile.Utilise the information system or improving quality of students learning experience. Conclusion In the end, we can end our paper saying that the Australian market is seeing an increase in the number of educational providers but with that the quality might also got affected. Although, University of Queensland has embedded this fact in its prospectus for current session that education needs to be of top quality in order to lead the pack of top class universities. The following paper gives us a very good idea about the different marketing and competitive environment faced by the University of Queensland. References Cohen, D. (2005). U.S. giant casts large shadow. Australian, 17 August, p.44. Coaldrake, O. P. Steadman, L. (1997). On the Brink: Australia's Universities Confronting their Future. St. Lucia: University of Queensland Press. Bradley, D. (2003). University governance. (Speech at Business Higher Education Round Table Conference, 25 November.) www.unisa.edu.au, accessed 12 December 2006. Illing, D. (2005). Overseas numbers softening. Australian, 16 February Donald J. Bradman. (2007). The Quest of Australian Public Universities for Competitive Advantage in a Global Higher Education Environment University of Queensland. (2014). STRATEGY PLAN 2014-17)

Pepsi and Its Competitors Essay Example

Pepsi and Its Competitors Essay World Leader In Convenient Foods Beverages Industry †¢ Revenues – About $43 billion and over 198,000 Employees across the globe †¢ PepsiCo was founded in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay †¢ PepsiCo brands are available in more than 200 countries and territories across the globe †¢ PepsiCo has more than 500 products in it’s portfolio of which 18 brands generate $1 Billion each in retail sales A broad spectrum of beverages worldwide bringing fun and refreshment to consumers Frito-Lay invigorates PepsiCos portfolio of products with plenty of good food and good fun Tropicana, the strongest name in juices; the best of fruit Quaker expands our portfolio with a wide range of healthy food choices Gatorades line of performance drinks adds over 40 years of rehydration sports nutrition research to the PepsiCo portfolio Our Corporate Philosophy Performance with Purpose At PepsiCo we gauge our financial achievement by our social and environmental performance. Our sustainable efforts have given our business the solid foundation we need to keep pace with an ever-changing market A Philosophy That Is Manifested At PepsiCo India Through A Comprehensive Sustainability Program PepsiCo India Our Portfolio Today Meets A Range Of Consumer Food Beverage Needs Beverage Need States Refresh Snack Need States Refresh Hydration Enjoyment Sustenance Enjoyment Health Indulgence Health Indulgence Nourishment Transformation Nourishment Enhancement Energy Energy Serviced By Muscular Brands That Enjoy Consumer Preference and Loyalty Built Through Superior, ConsumerValidated Propositions, Rooted In Insight And Supported By A Robust Information Ecosystem We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi and Its Competitors specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi and Its Competitors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi and Its Competitors specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Periodic KPI Tracking Digging deeper Consumer Insights †¢ More than observation or findings – Deeper more penetrating †¢ Talking to consumers, not just talking about them †¢ Recognizing relationships †¢ Re-framing the problem †¢ Driven by both people process †¢ Syndicated data †¢Consumer/ retailer data †¢ Trend reports †¢ Customized research ( qualitative quantitative) †¢ Internal data †¢ Consumer motivation emotional attachment to brands †¢ Consumption rituals †¢ Ethnography †¢ Consumer segmentation,Typology †¢ Consumer/Customer decision making tree However Our Consumer Is A Moving Target – Evolving Rapidly Macro Consumer Trends Point To Consumers in Experience-Maximization Mode Stop-Go Stop-Go Lives Lives The reshaping of culture, community, what it means to belong Adapting to a life that is fast, flexible and lived-on-the-go Community Community Transformations Transformations Health Health Wellness Wellness Increasing focus on Wellness, though low evidence yet of walking the talk The rising currency of visual information New New Communication Communication Currencies Currencies Professional Professional Consumers Consumers Experiential Experiential Society Society Consumers seeking savoring experiences Consumers increasingly becoming demanding, sophisticated contradictory in their shopping patterns Fundamentally Changing The Consumer Engagement Paradigm Bite Sized Communications Niche is the new norm Shorter attention time spans, unprecedented exposure Customization personalization, spurred by increased individualism Authenticity is a key value Brand Affinity is tougher to build Declined trust in Corporations demand for more information Brand Platforms are becoming crowded spaces – Cricket is activated by gt; 130 brands! Consumers Are Now In Control The Rules of Engagement Have Changed Altering the Power Equation Between Advertisers Consumers Much Of This Is Powered By A Changing Media Landscape + My Media We, the Media MANY-TO-MANY Consumer control an engagement Niche Media Mainstream Media ONE-TO-MANY ONE-TO-FEW ONE-TO-ONE Social Media Personal Media Segmented Media Mass Media Media Today Is Feeding Consumers’ Appetite For Content†¦ †¦But Also Affiliating Them To Powerful Ideas Traditionally, Media Distribution Had A â€Å"Top Down† Structure broadcaster affiliate (distributor) affiliate (distributor) affiliate (distributor) affiliate (distributor) affiliate (distributor) Now Media Is Essentially De-centralized Content jumps†¦ Consumers â€Å"broadcast† to other consumers through blogs, BBS and social networks. †¦between platforms†¦ between geographies movie gets uploaded then downloaded THE RESULT: Media Democratisation where anyone can become a journalist, author or film maker Driven By The Fact That Markets Have Become Conversations The Cluetrain Manifesto †¢ An influential book written in 1999 – A set of 95 theeses put forward as a manifesto for all businesses operating in what was suggested as a â€Å"newly connected marketplace† †¢ Fundamental to The Cluetrain Manifesto was the premise that the Internet provided a new and unique forum for communication that would ultimately shift the nature of business communication and marketing. A powerful global conversation has begun. Through the Internet, people are discovering and inventing new ways to share relevant knowledge with blinding speed. As a direct result, markets are getting smarter—and getting smarter faster than most companies. †¢ Powered by Social Media And Web 2. 0 Social media is an umbrella term that defines various activities that integrate technology, social interaction and the construction of words, pictures, video and audio. Source. Wikipedia. org MORE SIMPLY PUT†¦. Social Media is about people having conversations online.. The Social Media Landscape Today Is A Powerful Enabler Of The Changing Conversation Types of Social Media Blogs ( web-logs) †¢ Emerged in the Mid 90s; Simple online diaries by individuals, corporates †¢ Micro blogs †¢ Twitter fastest growing social media brand †¢ Instant messaging, news/image sharing, job board †¢ Continues to evolve as a real-time communication tool †¢ Social Networks †¢ Connections †¢ Music, sports, politics, sex, hobbies †¢ Sub-category includes customizable social networks – eg Ning, KickApps â € ¢ †¢ Video/Image sharing sites †¢ Upload and share; The blurring of ‘public’ vs ‘private’ Social Media Aggregators ‘FriendFeed’, ‘socialthing’ †¢ Centralize users’ various profiles; manage multiple conversations from one location †¢ Social News Aggregators †¢ Submit links to content on other websites †¢ Ranked by discussion it evokes †¢ Social Bookmarking sites – Folksonomies †¢ Bookmark and share useful web pages †¢ Wikis †¢ Creation and editing of interlinked web pages – collaborative websites †¢ 100% UGC – By the readers Media Consumption Is Evolving From LeanBack, Captive to Lean-Forward, Engaged out about OOH, Malls, Book / Music Stores, Theme Parks Mobile Events, Gym, Disc/Pubs, Clubs ean forward Newspaper, Magazines RSS – Feed, Internet Blog, Gaming, Contests, Social Networking lean back TV, Radio Cinema, Movies on Demand, DVR IPTV, Interactive Games scheduled demand participate Both Traditional Media As Well As Social Media Can Be Lean-Forward Traditional media like TV, Press and Outdoor can also be â€Å"lean-forward†. The key i s that the content provides a stimulus that evokes a response/call-to-action and engages in a dialogue with the viewer/reader. An Entire Generation Has Grown Up With Digital As A Way Of Life Consider Some Facts†¦ 27 Social Networking growth at 36% from Jan’ 08 ( Music at 24%, Gaming at 15%) Source: Comscore India – June 2009; Economist – Feb 2009; Social media tracker wave Conversation Velocity- The Speed At Which Chatter Spreads, Is Magnified By Social Networks 28 Average number of friends on facebook Just 2 degrees of separation on facebook results in an exponential multiplier Impact of the chatter: 87% say ‘Word of Mouth’ is a powerful recommendation*. * Source: Nielsen Online Global Consumer Study April 2007 There Is An Emerging Sub-culture Of People Who Simply Consume Online Media 31% 17% China 16% 15% 9% 4% Australia India Korea Malaysia Singapore 16% of those online spend less than 5hrs a week consuming traditional media Ironically, many of these ‘online only’ consumers are still consuming the same content – i. e. Watching TV shows, listening to the radio and so on. Yet they are doing it digitally. The web enables them to access conten t on demand, content previously unavailable, or in a manner that previously wasn’t possible. The Net Is Fast Becoming The Preferred Information Source Search Explosion India 73% of internet users search the web*1 1+ Bn queries per month with 53 Searches per User *2 Over 4. 8 mn Clicks On Search Ads *1 Search revenue projected to touch $120 mn in 2010 from $50 mn *3 *  Source: 1. IAMAI 2008 2. comScore qSearch (June 08) 3. Industry Sources A Significant Growth in ‘Prosumerism’†¦ 32 A Prosumer is someone who both consumes and produces information. A fundamental shift in consumer behavior underpinning Web 2. 0, is the movement from simply consuming information to also producing (and publishing) information – the shift from the â€Å"Consumer† to the â€Å"Prosumer†. Almost 1 in 5 online consumers have started a blog – 60% of them are about personal experiences. Only 14% claim they have visited a corporate blog If brands can learn to converse with, rather than market to consumers, blogs can be used as the ultimate listening post on consumer needs and sentiment. *  Source: Research International APAC study †¦And The Increasing Importance Of Word Of Mouth Taiwan Singapore Malaysia India China Australia Total 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Influenced by online comments Not Influenced by online comments The cross roads between Prosumerism and Social networks – opinions from people you know and trust – is the ultimate in viral communications, either positive or negative, for brands. Life Caching Is Making Us Digital Storytellers†¦ People are sharing and interacting like never before 36,00,000,000: Photos archived till June ’09. That’s roughly 1 photo for every two people on this planet! 13,000,000: The number of articles available on Wikipedia 132%: The monthly growth rate of Twitter users from Jan to Feb ’09 3,000,000: The average number of Tweets per day on Twitter. com 13 hours: The amount of Video uploaded to YouTube every minute 1,00,000,000: The number of videos viewed per day 200,000,000 blogs! ,000,000,000: the number of minutes spent on Facebook each day Facebook is bigger than Russia The Success Of The US Presidential Election Is Testimony To This†¦ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ 5,000,000 – the number of active Barack Obama supporters across 15 social networks 14,200,000 – Number of views Obama’s â€Å"Yes We Can† video got on YouTube An additional 15 of the 1800 official and 139,000 unoffici al Obama videos received gt; 1 million views $ 6, 500, 000 – the amount of money 3 million online donors contributed to the ’08 Obama campaign For companies, resistance to social media is futile. Millions of people are creating content for the social web. Your competitors are already there. Your customers have been there a long time. If your business isn’t putting itself out there, it ought to be†¦ Businessweek Feb 19, 2009 What Implications Does This Pose For Marketers? The New Communication Model Will Need To Evolve from Monologue to Dialogue†¦ †¦ Flipping classical marketing on its head Participation Is The New World Order In Marketing A big shift from monologue advertising to conversational advertising/communication †¢ Marketers today are in a unique position today to create competitive advantage by understanding and leveraging the power of technology. †¢ With the use of technology and the internet as our playground we can go from one touch point to millions in a manner of hours †¢ Moving beyond contact with consumers to something much more meaningful†¦ †¢ †¦ that’s engagement †¢ And engagement fosters connections which lead to relationships †¢ Resulting in brand loyalty. Where Effective Communication Will Combine Both Media Dimensions Leveraging The Power And Impact Of Media Convergence†¦ â€Å"†¦where old and new media collide, where grassroots and corporate media intersect, where the power of the media- producer and the power of the media- consumer interact in unpredictable ways. Henry Jenkins, author â€Å"Convergence culture† †¦ And Borrowing On The Principles Of Transmedia Storytelling The cross-platform blitz for â€Å"The Matrix† was generally interpreted as a major advance in digitalera storytelling (The audience can choose how deep to go! ) or, more often, as a major advance in exploitative licensing and marketing The Wachowski Brothers who produced The Matrix supplemented the first chapter of their film trilogy with two more films; Enter the Matrix, a video game that revealed critical events and interactions offscreen before, and during the events of the 2nd and 3rd films; The Animatrix, a series of animated s horts from acclaimed anime directors that covered critical background events and introduced minor characters featured in the later films; and a compilation of Matrix comics from renowned comic artists and writers. Defining Transmedia Storytelling Transmedia stories are those â€Å"which unfold across multiple media platforms with each new text making a distinctive and valuable contribution to the whole† †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Each medium should do whatever it does best At best, each part is self contained to make it accessible on its own terms, without the rest of its components The vision needs to be consistent and unified; if it is redundant or selfcontradicting, participants will notice Can attract multiple audiences by using different approaches in different media, to reach each group The logic shifts from â€Å"licensing† to â€Å"co-creation† Can form communities when it brings people and gives them something to do From Transmedia Storytelling Transmedia Planning Advertising Interactive Experience Advertising Public   Relations Interactive Experience Public   Relations Person Person Central  Idea Brand   Community Person Person Retail Direct   Marketing Retail Direct   Marketing Media Neutral Planning Transmedia Planning The Concept Of Transmedia Storytelling Is Reshaping Entertainment, Marketing, Advertising and Branding In 2001, BMW stunned the ad world by investing in short films which had nothing to do with their product The idea was to give film directors a BMW car around which a compelling short film was to be made. Many of the tales centered on life-and-death chase scenes, but several were humorous or even melancholy. McDowell ( Mktg VP, BMW) figured if The Hire, took off and the films were downloaded from BMWs Web site by 1 million to 2 million viewers, BMW would chalk up the same number of eyeballs as a snappy advertising campaign aired during the Super Bowl, but would reach a higher percentage of BMW-type customers: Progressives with a nose for cinema, technology, and high bandwidth. If you really understand your consumer, you can be very clever about how to communicate. You can change the whole paradigm The buzz started slowly with the first film but grew to avalanche proportions by the time Madonnas short comedy film about a cranky diva was released, overwhelming BMWs expectations and forcing the automaker to add servers as fast as it could. But it didnt stop there. As the short-film gambit rocketed around the blogosphere, national TV broadcasters flooded McDowells office with requests for interviews on CBS, Entertainment Tonight, and Fox News. The novelty of an automaker producing films fanned public interest and stoked downloads. After one year, the number of viewers who had visited BMWs Web site to download The Hire shot to over 21 million, and with three more films added in 2002, it rocketed to 100 million, sparking a Harvard Business School case study. One million enthusiasts ordered a DVD with all eight films. Source: Businessweek Watch the Madonna film at http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=8tDg1YKp8M0 More Recently The Viral Marketing Campaign For The Dark Knight Was A Powerful Transmedia Experience http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=1pd74It? yVofeature=related So What Does This Mean For Brands? Brands will be â€Å"owned† by consumers more than ever before Spark Conversations: Create opportunities for your consumers to own the brand by giving them something to talk about Create brand fans by providing interesting consumer experiences, and then leverage the passion of this user base Both individuality and collectivism are important for consumers – enable this for them through our brands Collaborations and Co-creation will be key Focus on Consumer participation in Idea Generation/ NPD Create Ideas that are open source and that consumers can play with Be willing to let consumers contribute to the brand narrative Collaborations and Co-creation will be key Be prepared to use different media to tell different parts of a story Think about partnerships with brands who have similar core values Be transparent, inclusive – this is the era of Authenticity Lets Take A Look At Some Examples 1) ENABLING RELATIONSHIPS AND COMMUNITY When Pepsi created the first online community for a billion cheering cricket fans the Blue Billion Pepsi’s Bluebillion website has evolved into India’s first online cricket community – an affinity league for a billion cheering Indian fans †¢ †¢ Total page views 2. 58 mn Total unique users 6. 6 L http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=FPXhDGoi6yM When Pepsi branded the Unstoppable generation†¦ Youngistaan The Youngistaan Portal Page Views – 2. 63 MM; Unique Users – 1. 08 MM; Avg Time Spent – 8. 1 mins An Experience Gateway For Youngistaanis; A Key Multiplier of the ATL Idea . –1 s PV s lac 6 s PV – 3 la 1. 8 cs s . 25 lac ws – 1 ie Video V 4 lacs; . 6 PVs – 5 lacs 1. 04 d– ons Coup e load own d – PVs la . 65 3 cs When Nike created the NIKE + RUNNING COMMUNITY http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=nhStKDFGv_s When You Can Use The Internet To Get Off The Internet Source: meetup. com Meetup helps groups of people with shared interests plan meetings and form offline clubs in local communities around the world. With more than 2,000 groups that get together in local communities each day, Meetup is the worlds largest network of local groups. Meetup currently has 4. million members in 3,601 cities worldwide, 46,315 local groups, 4,916 Meetup topics and facilitates 102,000 Meetups monthly. Their tagline? â€Å"Use the Internet to get off the Internet! † 2) SHINE THE SPOTLIGHT ON YOUR CONSUMER Doritos Presented Consumers With The Biggest Stage Ever To Showcase Their Creativity – The Super Bowl! Visit  http://www. crashthesuperbowl. com/ Kurkure Gave Its Evangelists The Ultimate Sign of Respect – Featuring Them on Their Packs †¢ Over 50mm Kurkure packs carried pictures of winners along with their recipes gt;1L entries received Positive impact on both Volume and share of teatime consumption †¢ †¢ Pepsi My Can Leveraged User Passion To Give a New Face to the Pack†¦ And The Brand †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Page Views gt; 3. 6 mn Unique Users gt; 3. 06L Total Video Views gt; 3. 13L Total Votes gt; 2. 89 mn Avg. Time Spent 7. 5 min Smith’s Is Recruiting Consumers To Design Their Next Flavor http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=-poiJFcdCXo 3) CUSTOMIZATION Lays Accelerated Consumer Engagement With Its New Flavors Through Consumer Advocacy Dewmocracy â€Å"you want to vote now. Dew itâ₠¬  Mountain Dew Is Leveraging The Collective Intelligence Of Its User Base to Architecture The Brand: From Flavor To Packaging Graphics http://www. facebook. com/mountaindew#/mountaindew? v=app_11007063052viewas=0 http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=n3mphZrRFgk 4) BREATHE LIFE INTO THE BRAND EXPERIENCE Honda staged a live three-minute TV ad showing a team of skydivers demonstrating Hondas current marketing idea Difficult is worth doing. Pepsi Engaged With Youngistaan By Making The Consumer the Chief Architect WHATS UR WAY? Interrupt Engage Entertain 5) INVOLVE YOUR CONSUMER Pepsi’s Gave its Consumers A Collective Voice refresheverything. com An open letter The idea was to create an OPEN LETTER to the President, simply by asking Millenials ( core TG) the question: What would you say to the man who is about to refresh our nation? The timing was perfect. Just as Pepsi introduced the new brand platform of â€Å"Refresh Everything†, the new President was taking office. The initiative capitalized on the excitement and momentum the entire country was feeling. 7,00, 000 visits to refresheverything. com, Over 700 videos (gt; YouTube benchmark of 200 videos); over 4,000,000 video views www. pepsicotastethesuccess. com/case_study_AV 6,000,000 unique Facebook visitors; On Jan 22nd, #1 most viewed sponsor channel TOI Led A Movement That Sparked A Nation’s Imagination http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=pgHyjMgPi2Q Tata Tea Became A Force For Social Change http://www. jaagore. com/ http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=JXWdhB1xYic 6) CONNECT THROUGH ISSUES THAT ARE IMPORTANT TO YOUR AUDIENCE Quaker Oats Partnered With TOI To Raise Awareness†¦ And Action†¦To Promote Heart Health Sunsilk Created A Space For Young Women To Connect On Issues In Their Life Dove Made Its Brand Hugely Relevant Culturally, By Challenging Stereotypes The creative idea: Challenge narrowly defined stereotypes by promoting the idea that beauty comes in all shapes and sizes The Media Used: Primarily New age http://www. campaignforrealbeauty. com/ http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=oYfwIAWWH6M 7) ENGAGE, INTERRUPT, INFLUENCE Pepsi Max In UK Sharply Jump-shifted Salience And Affinity By Evolving Their Engagement Model†¦ share of spend INFLUENCE share of voice engagement share of mind From Communicating to consumers interruption To Engaging with them Bringing The Story Alive By Being Part Of Their Consumers’ World User generated content Virals Messenger Tabs On-line streaming Mobile UK’s first brand channel on YouTube Burger King Leveraged Its Biggest Asset – The Whopper In A Daring Experiment Burger King Whopper Freakout The restaurant experimented with discontin uing the Whopper for a day. Hidden cameras in the restaurant and the drive-in captured genuine consumer reactions. The film attracted 3. 3 million views and inspired a series of spoofs. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=epsgsfuIN4Y Diesel’s Digital Campaign Positioned The Brand As Cutting Edge http://heidies. com/demo2/ McDonald’s Alternate Reality Games Involved Consumers Without Making Them Feel â€Å"Marketed To† An alternate reality game (ARG) is an interactive narrative that uses the real world as a platform, often involving multiple media and game elements, to tell a story that may be affected by participants ideas or actions. The Lost Ring is an alternate reality game, (ARG) revolving around a fictional Olympic sport that disappeared 2000 years ago that was created by McDonald’s as part of their marketing for the 2008 Olympic Games, in Beijing, China. Read  the  case  at  http://www. thelostring. com/ The Key Challenge For You PepsiCo’s View On Building Brands At PepsiCo, we are committed to building: †¢ Great Brands – – – †¢ with an ambitious vision a distinctive point of view on the world Consumer relevance and bonding Brands built with ideas bigger than just advertising This requires a sharp focus on new rules of consumer engagement, as well as new-age marketing practices that enable a living, breathing relationship with our key consumers The Key Question How can PepsiCo take a leadership position in new age marketing spaces (lean forward media)? More Specifically, Our Challenges Are†¦ How might we leverage lean-forward media to address these following needs? 1. How might new age media be leveraged to build â€Å"brand PepsiCo†? †¢ †¢ With Key stakeholders: Consumers, Customers, Key Opinion Leaders, Government and Institutions? How might this help us engage deeper with them by facilitating dialogue ( as also provide a tool to address consumer concerns) 2. How must consumer-engagement models be structured to suit the brands’ life-stage and communications needs? †¢ How may we drive stronger affinity and connect for brands like Pepsi and Lays which have a â€Å"youth† bulls-eye? Conversely, how can we sharp-shoo t on younger brands like Mountain Dew, Gatorade and Quaker Oats, which have sub-scale AM budgets? 3. What strategic alliances/programs might help us take a leadership position in this space? †¢ †¢ How do we build programs that drive linkages between traditional and new media? Partnership with like-minded brands? Some pointers for you as you work the case†¦ 1. Refer back to slides 24 and 25 for an understanding of the definition of â€Å"lean forward Media†. †¢ Both traditional media as well as social media may be â€Å"lean-forward† – the key is that they must stimulate consumer engagement and dialogue. 2. Consider these facts about the Indian digital market †¢ Despite the large population, total online users are only 57 million ( 5% penetration) †¢ 37% of the users are from Cyber cafes, driven by the growth of online gaming †¢ Broadband has grown 83% from ’07 to ’08. However, 512 mbps is considered broadband †¢ Local language sites have grown to 34% of market †¢ Ecommerce is a USD $2000 Million industry of which travel contributes to 80% †¢ At 400 Million mobile users, India is second only to China †¢ 20% of mobile users are mobile internet users. Most have their first internet experience on their phone. Some pointers for you as you work the case†¦ 3. The tale of two Indias †¢ The TG is not a homogenous group, with key differences between metros and non-metro cities. What’s the new language to connect with both these groups? Young Adults 19-24 yrs, Metros: 4. 1 MM Characteristics Prefer English to Hindi; Experienced online users Key Online Activities Online activities :Emailing-93%, SM-88%, IM/Chats-78%, Job search -78%, Downloads- 69% and News- 66% Higher accessing of content related to dating/friendship, Cinema, financial info and net banking More likely to have a blog , but not as active as their smaller town counterparts Offline Asset Ownership: Own Mobile, Internet Connection at Home, Bank Accounts more than other segments Young Adults 19-24 yrs, Metros: 9. 1 MM Characteristics Prefer Hindi to English Key Online Activities Online activities: Emailing–93%,SM–88%,Job–78%,IM/Chats–77%,Downloads-68% and News- 65% Checking cricket score, mobile content and matrimony search higher than metro Mobile is key Send/receive mail using handset higher than metro Maximum % visiting adult content, SN sites More into blogs and video sharing than metro counterparts, more likely to read a blog and visit blog sites more than 5 times a day. Members of online communities- school/alumni, computers, internet and education highest in this group Offline More computers/laptops than metro counterparts Low cable TV connection/DTH compared to metros Source: Juxt Consult Youth Online Report 2008; Metros: Delhi, Mum, Kolkata, Chennai, Bglore, Hyderabad, Pune, Ahm Some pointers for you as you work the case†¦ Teens 13-18 yrs, Metros: 0. 6 MM Characteristics Comfortable with both English and Hindi Second maximum number of entrants from this group Key Online Activities Mostly accessing from home; Experienced online users with 3 out of 4 accessing over 5 times a day Use more eng info and local language search Online activities: Emailing–87%,SM-81%,Downloads-69%, IM/Chat-68% and Games-59% Least active on online shopping; Members of online communities – professional, games and school, Alumni Offline Very light users of mass media Maximum % of ownership of computer/laptop than the other segments Teens 13-18 yrs, Other towns: 1. 8 MM Characteristics Comfortable with both English and Hindi Maximum online entrants from this group; The only family member using Internet Key Online Activities Use primarily from Home and cybercafe, once daily Online activities :Emailing–86%,SM-85%,IM/Chat-69%,Games-61% and Downloads music/mov-60% Higher accessing of content related to Astrology, Health/lifestyle, cricket score than metros Mobile is key – consistent usage higher than Metro equivalents Members of Games and music communities- video sharing on the rise Searching more than metro counterparts but not buying Offline More iPods than young adults and metro counterparts (on a % basis) Implications Traditional Media †¢ Standard TV advertising has seen a dip in effectiveness, but appetite for content is growing How do we use TV to satiate the hunger for content in a way that is linked to our brands? †¢ The rise of the advocacy channel †¢ Word of Mouth is becoming a big influencer †¢ Media is becom ing catalyst for social activism or at least social activity more people vote for ‘Idol’ than in their national election †¢ Online consumer opinion is now more valued than TV ads or editorial How do we become a part of the conversation? Implications †¢ â€Å"Search online† is becoming the new â€Å"first moment of truth†. How do we configure strategies to emerge on the consumer’s search radar? †¢ Mobiles and Mobile screens are becoming a reflex lifestyle. How can our brands fit in? †¢ Social Networking is growing at a furious pace. How do we play the game by the rules of the medium? Execution Format†¦ 1. Your submission should follow the following format: †¢ †¢ †¢ Your presentation may be in your preferred document format – MS Word or Powerpoint. Your presentation should be within 40 slides or 5000 words. An executive summary should precede your presentation – this is to be presented in video format, between 3-5 minutes duration. The objective is to simply to gauge your presentation skills – we are not looking for sophisticated production values. †¢ Slide 96 has 3 questions posed to you. Your team must address all three.

How To Plan A Blog Post In 10 Minutes

How To Plan A Blog Post In 10 Minutes Every website owner loves the idea of a blog. They love hearing about how adding a blog to your website is one of the fastest and easiest ways to increase traffic, improve search engine rankings, build a big email list, gain expert positioning, and attract new clients. They love the impact it can have on their social media content strategy and they love that blogging for business is free- it doesnt add another monthly bill. But blogging isnt really free- it takes time, energy, focus, and commitment. Blogging is a long-term strategy, so even though time is being taken away from billable work to write blog posts, there more than likely isnt going to be an immediate return on investment. Plus, because were an instant gratification society, this causes frustration and makes site owners want to spend less and less time creating new blog content, because its a lot of work and they dont get an immediate reward. So, while website owners love the idea of blogging for business, they are not using their blogs! Often nothing new has been published since the site originally went live, or it's been three, six, or even twelve months since any new content has been added. Yikes! Can you relate? Do you like the idea of having a blog, but feel overwhelmed by the realities of managing a blog and creating new content regularly- good content, you can be proud of? Is it hard to come up with ideas for new blog posts? Are you struggling to come up with great headlines and find the time to write new posts? Wouldn't it be great if you knew how to quickly generate new blog post ideas or have a stash of post ideas available to you at any time? Do you need help finding inspiration for your blog content and a guide to craft a good post? Yes? Well, you're in luck. I am going to walk you through five different ways on how to plan a blog post in 10 minutes or less so you can write it better and faster- without stress, frustration, or overwhelm.  I am also going to give you a tool I created for myself to help me create great headlines and map out a ton of blog post ideas at one time- and you don't even have to opt-in or give me an email to get it. 5 ways to plan a blog post in under 10 minutes with a nice checklist to get started.I know everyone is not inspired the same way. Some people find inspiration in visuals, others need the headline to be perfect before they can write, some people hate to write, and still others will procrastinate until the last minute. To make blogging for business easier and faster, you don't need a cookie cutter formula. You need the right tactics and strategies at your fingertips to help you find your unique creative groove. Once you find that place, planning  blog content will be easier and writing blog posts will happen faster. 1. Like To Plan Ahead? Keep An Idea File For Posts. An idea for a blog post may strike at any time. An image, a tweet or Facebook post, an experience, another person's actions, a blog post you read, a client question, a business struggle, or even a talk at an event could inspire a new idea. Create a place to write down your blog post ideas so you have them to pull from in the future. You could do this in a multitude of software programs, in a journal, or even on your phone. I keep a plain text file on my desktop and I use the Notes app on my phone. But here's the kicker: You can't just write down the idea or the headline. You need to add context to the idea and create a mini post outline. This often takes far less than 10 minutes, and it takes all the stress out of writing the post later. Here's what to write down when a new blog post idea strikes: The topic or idea. Any possible headlines. How you came up with the idea. Any story that may fit with it (this is a lifesaver, as you think you'll remember it, but you may not). The link to your inspiration source if appropriate. Inspired by a tweet or Facebook post? Snag the embed code so you don't have to hunt for it later. The key message you want to communicate in the post or major bullet points. Any image ideas. Don't overthink it. Write down everything you can about the topic at that moment, and don't worry about writing in complete sentences. Don't edit yourself now; you can do that later when you're writing the final blog post. This exercise is just about getting the meat of the post out of your head. When you write down your blog ideas, you need to capture more than just your headlines.If you do this every time you have a new idea for a blog post, you'll build up a valuable idea file full of blog posts that are already halfway complete! Then when you need to write a post, you can grab one from your file, finish it up, and hit publish! 2. Work Better Under Pressure? Set A Timer. I love timers. I love the feeling of the clocking ticking down, the pressure on, and a task to complete. A challenge was accepted, adrenaline kicks in, and I'm thinking let's do this. I often do my best work under pressure with a deadline. I tune out all distractions, focus, and get things done in a much shorter amount of time than normal. Using a timer is merely a faster, more effective way of time blocking tasks. So, if you're like me, you may benefit from using this same approach when brainstorming blog post ideas. Here's how it works in only 10 minutes: Choose one topic, set a timer for 3 minutes, and brainstorm as many headlines as you can on that single topic. Don't edit as you go. Don't second guess. Don't stop or slow down. Every idea is good. Write it down no matter what. When the timer buzzes, stop. Set the timer for 1 minute and in that time, review each headline, circling the best ones (shoot for at least two or three). Set the timer for 6 minutes and in that time, quickly outline the blog post content for each headline. List what content to include, image ideas, story ideas, key messages to communicate, the problem it solves, and why someone should care. If something doesn't come to you for a headline right away, skip it and move on. At the end of this exercise, you'll have at least a few great posts on your topic that are already halfway done. You just need to finish them up later. Need help? I LOVE this exercise. I created a fill-in-the-blank headline guide with more than 200 Mad Libs style headlines to help me quickly brainstorm great headlines with little effort. I just set my timer, fill in the blanks for as many as I can, and then loop back and set my timer again to fill in the content notes for each one. You can download it free (no opt-in needed). 3. Hate Writing? Speak Your Post. I don't know about you, but many of my great ideas don't come to me when I'm conveniently in front of my computer or at home with a journal nearby. And sometimes I can't write them down- like when I'm driving or in the shower. If you can't write down your ideas, or you simply don't like writing- that's okay! You can still create blog content regularly without writing. All you need to do is speak. Yes, you can speak your content- and often do it much faster than writing it. Everyone can talk out loud. It's easy! When we speak, we don't judge, delete, self edit, or criticize ourselves like we do when writing. Plus it is MUCH easier to edit and refine existing content than it is to write it from scratch. Sometimes you just can't write down your blog ideas. Speak them out loud.When you've got a great blog post idea, simply grab your smartphone, your computer, a digital recorder, or use a service like freeconferencecall.com to record your post ideas. Then have the recording transcribed. It's that easy- and you can do it less than 10 minutes. 4. More Of A Visual Person? Start With The Imagery. If you're a visual person who is inspired more by imagery, it's okay to start there. I get great ideas for new posts when looking through stock photo sites and search for images with my brand keywords or the topic I am interested in writing about. But be careful- this can be a huge time suck. You may start looking at images and find that hours have gone by in what seemed like minutes. Here's how to plan a blog post using visuals in 10 minutes: Set a timer for 4 minutes, visit your favorite stock photo site, and search for images on your topic.  For every image you find that gives you a post idea, note the image number, and either add it to a lightbox or download it. When the timer buzzes, stop. Set the timer again for 6 minutes and write down the headline or post topic and all the notes, thoughts, and ideas you have for each image. (Use the same list I shared with you on #1.) Plan a blog post using visuals as your inspiration.When I find an image that inspires a new blog post, I download the image, crop it, and upload to my site. I then create a new post, assign the image, and make all of my post notes in the draft. This way, I can come back to the post and finish later, and I don't have to worry about finding the image again because it's already done and added to the post. 5. Stumped By Technology? Grab A Pencil. Many people are shocked to hear I brainstorm, make notes, and plan out my blog posts with a good old fashioned pencil and paper. Often I'll write an entire article by hand, then refine and edit it when I type it up. Some people just find that their creativity flows faster and easier on paper instead of in front of a screen. If this is true for you, own it. Get yourself a new sharp pencil or a great pen and some quality paper, or a beautifully designed journal. Then write and write some more- it doesn't have to be full sentences or complete thoughts. Here's what I recommend: Get your pen or pencil and paper and find a comfortable, quiet, cozy spot free from distractions. Set a timer for ten minutes. Write down the topic a blog post topic at the top of your paper. Then write down everything you think of- possible headlines, stories, examples, bullet points, key messages, problems and solutions, resources, and more. Write until the timer runs out. In this scenario, you're focusing on really fleshing out all of your thoughts, ideas, and opinions on one single topic, instead of a few different topics. This approach is often my go-to strategy for mapping out the content for longer, more in-depth blog posts. Challenge: For 3  weeks, 21 days, set aside 10 minutes each day to complete this exercise, writing down a different topic each day. Not only will your writing get better and you'll get faster at generating ideas, but 21 days is the length of time it takes to create a habit. Creating a habit of daily writing and idea generation will benefit both your business and your blog. Create A Repeatable Process And Stick With It If creating new blog content has been tough for you in the past, I highly recommend you give each of the five different ways to plan  blog posts a try to see which one is easiest and most successful for you. Remember, the more detail you provide about your topic up front, the faster and easier it will be to write the full blog post later.

Using the Spanish Verb Salir

Using the Spanish Verb Salir Although salir is a very common verb that means to leave in the sense of to depart or to go out, it also has a variety of other meanings that may not immediately be obvious. Fast Facts Salir is a common verb that most often means to leave or to exit.In some contexts, salir can have other meanings that generally refer to the change in status, appearance, or location of someone or something as the result of an action.Salir is conjugated irregularly. Salir Meaning 'To Leave' Here are some examples of sentences with salirs most common meaning: Los Cubs salieron de Los ngeles con una victoria. (The Cubs left Los Angeles with a victory.) ¿Cundo saliste por primera vez de tu casa con tu bebà ©? (When did you leave home for the first time with your baby?)Mi avià ³n sale a las nueve con destino a Tijuana. (My plane leaves at 9 for Tijuana.)Voy a salir a comprar leche. (Im going out to buy milk.)Propongo que salgamos a la calle a celebrar el campeonato. (I suggest we go out to the street to celebrate the championship.)Saldrà © muy motivado pero sà © que no ser fcil. (I will leave very motivated, but I know it wont be easy.) Salir With Other Meanings Here are some other meanings of salir with sample sentences: to turn out: Me salià ³ bien la prueba. (The quiz turned out well for me.) Salà ­ enoja en la foto. (I turned out looking angry in the photo.)to appear (often said of a bodily condition): Me sale pus de los pendientes. (Im getting pus from my earrings.) Si lo tocas te saldr urticaria. (If you touch it youll break out in hives.)to rise (said of astronomical bodies): El sol sale hoy a las 7:12. (The sun rises today at 7:12.)to be published or disseminated: Estaba viendo el televisor cuando salià ³ las noticias de lo que habà ­a pasado en Nueva York. (I was watching the television when they told the news of what had happened in New York.) El libro salià ³ a la venta en los primeros dà ­as de noviembre. (The book went on sale in the first days of November.) In a negative form with an indirect object, salir can indicate the inability to accomplish something: No le salià ³ como esperaba. (It didnt turn out as he hoped.) No me sale este problemita de distancia entre 2 puntos. (I cant figure out this simple problem about the distance between two points.) In the reflexive form, salirse sometimes refers to some type of overflowing or leak: Pese a que hace seis meses se crearon las nuevas canalizaciones, el agua se salà ­a inundando las calles. (Despite it being six months since the new pipes were installed, the water leaked, flooding the streets.) The phrase salirse con la suya usually means to get ones way: Chvez se salià ³ con la suya y Coca-Cola retirà ³ el producto de la venta. (Chavez got his way and Coca-Cola took the product off the market.) Salir can also be a part of some common phrases: salir con (to go out with) - Teresa sale con Josà ©. (Teresa is going out with Jose.)salir de (to come from) - La leche es un alimento que sale de las vacas. (Milk is a food that comes from cows. Salir de more commonly means to leave or to exit.)salir caro (to be expensive): Sale muy caro deportar indocumentados. (It is very costly to deport undocumented people.) As always with words that have more than one meaning, pay attention to context in order to determine what is meant. Related Words La salida is a common noun with meanings related to those of salir. They include an exit or way out, the solution to a problem, a departure, the rising of the sun (or other astronomical body) and various kinds of output. The adjective salido can refer to something that is bulging or protruding. It can also refer to an animal in heat (or the human equivalent). The adjective saliente can refer to someone or something thats important or prominent, or to a politician who is leaving office. Conjugation of Salir Salir is often regular, but it adds a g to the stem in some forms and also modifies the ending in the indicative future and conditional tenses. Here are the irregular forms: Present indicative: yo salgo Future indicative: yo saldrà ©, tà º saldrs, à ©l/ella/usted saldr, nosotros/nosotras saldrà ­amos, vosotros/nosotras saldrà ©is, ellos/ellas/ustedes saldrn Conditional: yo saldrà ­a, tà º saldrà ­as, à ©l/ella/usted saldrà ­a, nosotros/nosotras saldrà ­amos, vosotros/nosotras saldrà ­ais, ellos/ellas/ustedes saldrà ­n Present subjunctive: yo salga, tà º salgas, à ©l/ella/usted salga, nosotros/nosotras salgamos, vosotros/nosotras salgis, ellos/ellas/ustedes salgan Affirmative imperative: sal tà º, salga usted, salgamos nosotros/nosotras, salgan ustedes Negative imperative: no salgas tà º, no salga usted, no salgamos nosotros/nosotras, no salgis vosotros/vosotras, no salgan ustedes.

Computer Systems Fundamentals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Computer Systems Fundamentals - Essay Example released their RSA algorithm into the public domain, in advance of the US patent (#4,405,829) expiring on the 20th Sept. of the same year. Following the relaxation of the US government restrictions earlier in the year (Jan. 14) this removed one of the last barriers to the world-wide distribution of much software based on cryptographic systems. It should be noted that the IDEA algorithm is still under patent and also that government restrictions still apply in some places. 11. [Year:2004, Month: Apr 14]nVidia releases GeForce 6800, claiming it is the biggest leap in graphics technology the company ever made. Independent reviews show more than 100% increase in productivity compared with the fastest card on the market. Continuing the tradition, nVidia demonstrates Nalu, a mermaid with extremely realistic hair. A few weeks later nVidia's main rival ATi announces X800 with nearly the same level of performance and feature support. The card is showcased by the Ruby demo, delivering a smooth real-time rendering of what was previously in the exclusive realm of prerendered cinematics. Memory speeds are written in different formats depending on the type of memory technology your computer uses. FPM and EDO speeds are written in nanoseconds (ns). SDRAM, DDR, and DDR2 speeds are written in megahertz (MHz) Here is a rough guide to relative memory speeds: i. Memory Speed Technology Speed Module Bandwidth SDR PC100 0.8 GB/sec SDR PC133 1.0 GB/sec DDR PC1600 1.6 GB/sec DDR PC2100 2.1 GB/sec DDR PC2700 2.7 GB/sec DDR PC3200 3.2 GB/sec DDR PC4000 4.0GB/sec DDR2 PC2-3200 3.2GB/sec DDR2 PC2-4200 4.2GB/sec DDR2 PC2-5300 5.3GB/sec DDR2 PC2-6400 6.4GB/sec Source: See http://www.crucial.com/crucial/pvtcontent /memorytype.aspmodel=&memtype=CHOOSE The costs of the

Genesis 1-11 is structured in such a way to reflect certain Essay

Genesis 1-11 is structured in such a way to reflect certain distinctive Israelite articles of faith. Discuss - Essay Example and as, it introduces not only the beginnings of the world but specifically, the formation of Israel as God’s chosen people giving them a sense of religious identity (Gooder 2000, p. 2). The book of Genesis, which in Hebrew is ‘Bereshit’, generally translated as ‘In the beginning’ (Zucker 2005, p. 31), can be divided topically into two parts: the Primeval History (1-11) and the Patriarchal History (12-50) or genealogically into 11 parts: general creation (1:1-11: 3), man’s creation (2:4-4:26),Adam-Seth’s generation (5:1-6:18), Noah-Shem’s generation (6:9-9:29), Noah’s sons’ generation (10:1-11:9), Shem’s generation (6:10-11:26), Terah- Abraham, the chosen seed (11:27-25:11), Ishmael’s generation (25:12-25:18), generation of Isaac-Jacob, chosen seed (25:19-35:29, Esau’s generation (36:1-37:1) and generations of Jacob-Joseph, chosen seed (37:2-50:26); or according to general subject analysis: generation (1-2), degeneration (3-11), and regeneration (12-l); or into its 2 major divisions: Human Race History (1-11) and Israel’s – the chosen nation’s history (12-50) (Evan s 2009, pp. 11-14). Generally, seven major themes characterise the Book of Genesis: origins, order/meaning in history, blessing, covenant, punishment, sibling conflict, and test of faith. It is filled with various tensions that essentially centre on individual survival: ‘fertility and barrenness’; antagonistic sibling rivalry; hostile interfamilial struggles; jealousy; wives competing for attention from the same husband; starvation; ‘incest, rape and murder;’ threatened and real total destruction; ‘love and exile’. (Zucker, 2005, p. 32-33) For the Israelites, the Book of Genesis stands out from the rest of Torah, and between its topical parts, its Primeval History (Gen 1-11) provides the very foundation of the Israelites monotheistic religion. Genesis 1-11 sets Judaism apart from all other religions with regards to its belief in one omnipotent, omniscient,

Kant’s Categorical Imperative Essay Example for Free

Kant’s Categorical Imperative Essay This paper tackles the categorical imperative theory of Immanuel Kant as well as its first and second formulations and how they apply to a particular case of infidelity. Introduction In his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant defines an imperative as any proposition that declares a certain action or inaction to be necessary and practical (Kant, 1993, p. 413). The categorical imperative is a type of imperative which states what one ought to do under certain circumstances and it implies the moral requirement that we should act directly and unconditionally in order to achieve some end or purpose (p. 417). In the Groundwork, Kant distinguishes between the hypothetical imperative and the categorical imperative. The hypothetical imperative states that if one wants to do A, then he should do B, or he may choose not to do B or even A (p. 414). On the other hand, the categorical imperative requires that if one wants to do A, then he really ought to do B. It therefore follows that doing B is of an absolute necessity, is considered a moral duty, and is unconditional (p. 420). An Ethical Situation and the Action Taken The situation that is to be considered for the analysis is that of a young man who has a girlfriend and who once swore to love her and only her and not to cheat on her in whatever way especially by having flings with another girl. For many months he has kept this promise in order to make her happy and make the relationship work. However, one day this young man just happens to get to know one extremely beautiful young girl on Facebook, a girl who is more beautiful than his own girlfriend judging from the same standards. After a few secret exchanges of messages on the same social networking site, the young man meets up with her without telling anyone and they have a date that ended up in a sexual encounter. Evaluation of the Situation Based on the First Formulation For any imperative to be a categorical imperative or a true moral proposition, Kant proposes that this imperative should possess universality. This means that it must not concern itself with the particular physical details and circumstances surrounding the present situation, including the seemingly most pressing instinctual needs of the individual on which the ethical situation is focused. Kant therefore states that there is only one categorical imperative and it is this: â€Å"Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law† (p. 421). In the situation, the young man clearly does not obey the categorical imperative when he decides to exchange messages with the girl on Facebook and later on meet up with her. If the young man made a promise of loyalty, then it is his moral duty to do so (p. 422). This means that if the notion of promising to be faithful to one’s lover and breaking it is universalized, then, based on the first formulation of the categorical imperative, there would be no promises at all and no such thing as honest oaths between lovers. The young man is therefore, according to Kant, never justified in the infidelity that he committed. Evaluation of the Situation Based on the Second Formulation Another characteristic of the categorical imperative is that it should not only be a principle but that it should also be an end in itself, unlike a hypothetical imperative on which many human moral decisions are based. Thus, if a hypothetical imperative goes like, â€Å"If you want to do A, you should do B,† the categorical imperative should go like, â€Å"Do B,† for doing B is an end in itself and not a means to any other end like A. Kant therefore states, â€Å"Act in such a way that you treat humanity†¦always at the same time as an end and never merely as a means to an end† (p. 428). In our situation, the young man, based on the second formulation, has clearly violated the categorical imperative and this violation lies in the young man’s making an oath of faithfulness to his girlfriend in order to make her happy and to make the relationship work. According to the second formulation, if you have made a promise in order to make someone happy and to make the relationship work, then you are not acting out of moral duty; because if you are, then you will have made such a promise as an end in itself. The young man should have made the promise of loyalty just out of pure reverence for promise itself in exactly the same way as one decides to love not for the happiness of the other but for the sake of love itself. For Kant and the categorical imperative, true morality is doing one’s moral duty without concerning himself with the results (p. 417). The young man in the situation tried to concern himself with the results. Owing to this, his promise was therefore not purely made and such a fact may have even been the reason behind his subsequent immoral act. Conclusion Kant teaches us that an action is good and moral not because it is based on reason as what the rationalists contend nor because it has good results as what the utilitarians say, but that it is done in obedience to an inner sense of duty – the categorical imperative. According to this principle and based on the scenario presented, one should make a promise of love and keep it because the fulfillment of a promise is universal. One should also keep a promise of love not for any other reason such as the happiness of the other but for the sake of the promise itself, for true moral duty is self-sufficient and does not concern itself with results. References Kant, I. (1993). Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Translated by James W. Elington. 3rd ed. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. , 413-428.

Aaron’s Last Game :: Personal Narrative Writing

Aaron’s Last Game Play this game like it’s your last. This is a common phrase that athletes hear from their coaches to help inspire them to play hard in a game. In the case of my friend Aaron Halford, a basketball game during his sophomore year of high school was his last. It was a playoff game for the basketball team and there was a great deal of pressure on the players to perform well to move on to the next round. However, this was one game where regardless of the score, our team was going to lose. One of our players dribbled down the court, looked to pass, and took the shot. The ball bounced from rim to rim, back and forth, the crowd waited with anticipation, but no one even registered whether the ball entered the hoop. Aaron laid lifeless on the court. What happened, did I miss something? Was there a foul? No one in the crowd knew what caused Aaron to be lying on the court. A whistle was blown and the coaches ran out onto the court only to find that Aaron wasn’t breathing. Without any hesitation, Aaron’s dad raced down to where his son was laying unresponsively. â€Å"Grab the defibrillator,† yelled out one of the coaches. Another coach immediately began administering mouth to mouth resuscitation on Aaron. The whole gym was completely silent. I sat there in disbelief not knowing what to do. He’s going to be alright, isn’t he? Surely he will. Is there something I should do? I was short of breath and closed my eyes and began to pray, however, my thoughts made no sense. I can remember reciting over and over, â€Å"Please God, don’t let him die. Let him be ok.† Everything happened so quickly. Before I knew it, two minutes had passed and Aaron still wasn’t moving. At this point, the coach performing the CPR pulled out the defibrillator and started shocking Aaron’s chest. Aaron’s body jolted vigorously as his coach stunned him. The only speaking voice in the whole gym was Aaron’s father who was speaking to Aaron saying, â€Å"Come on boy; please wake up. I know you have it in you.† Tears began to swell in my eyes. This can’t be happening. Aaron’s father kneeled down next to his son’s still body and prayed aloud.

How do the characteristics of the villages Navenby and Dorrington differ?

This is the overall question that I have to answer in order to investigate the differences and similarities of the two rural villages: Navenby and Dorrington. To help answer this question I went on a field trip to Lincolnshire to take notes on the site, situation, size, morphology and services of Navenby and Dorrington. There are various elements in which I can investigate to identify these factors for my two chosen villages. These are: *Land use *Amenities or Services *Comparison of settlement patterns *Age of evolution of settlements *Site *Situation There are five questions I have devised to ask to make a basis for my investigation between Navenby and Dorrington: â€Å"How and why do the sites of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† â€Å"How and why do the situations of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† â€Å"How and why does the morphology of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† â€Å"How and why do the population sizes of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† â€Å"How and why do the levels of services of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† These questions are suitable in helping to answer the overall question because all of these things being asked are all characteristics of a village. Enabling to break them down means that we are able to look at the villages in a lot more detail and make notes on things specifically. Also read  Driver’s Ed Module Reflection Journal To answer questions one and two I will sketch and colour code maps of Navenby and Dorrington to show how services, amenities and land use differ between the two. The map will be able to show the situation as it will show access to resources and facilities for example: access to food resources or a building and fuel resources. The map will also show the site of the villages as it will show if the villages are good for defence or for water supply or shelter, for example For question three being able to note how the morphology differs between the two villages will show how the villages have developed through time and how economic, social and historic conditions have affected the villages. Question four will show how population sizes differ due to various elements. These could be things such as accessibility, land ownership pattern, settlement size or planning constraints. This will also show what villages are developing and perhaps which are decreasing and whether people who live there are perhaps commuters for example. Question five will show which village is more developed and which is more rural. Whether the land has been used to suffice for the people who live there and why the land has been used the way it has for example bus routes or industry building to give people work. Or the land has not been changed at all meaning less developments and maybe more commuters. To be able to answer the previous question (how do the characteristics of the villages of Navenby and Dorrington differ?) I had to identify the information that I will need to collect from visiting the villages Navenby and Dorrington. For the first two questions (how and why does the site and situation of Navenby and Dorrington differ?) I will have to collect my information from resources such as information centres; exploring the villages themselves and also noting anything that relates with the site and situations of the villages and then to compare them when I get home and write up the differences. I can also use an OS map for this question because it will show the situation of the villages to resources that are needed. For example water, shelter and defence etc. For my third question (how and why does the morphology of Navenby and Dorrington differ?) I collected my information by walking around the villages again and making notes on how the villages have economically grown or shrunk, how socialisation has developed the villages or not and how historic conditions have affected the villages. This can be done by looking at the types and ages of the buildings within the villages. This information is necessary to my studies as I will be able to find out why the villages have become what they are today and what has influenced. Both villages could have had different economic, social or historic conditions, which would cause them to be very different now due to different village morphology. For my fifth question (how and why do the level of services of Navenby and Dorrington differ?) I collected my information by using a tally chart. Every time I saw a particular service I added to my tally chart. I also looked at the local bus route and made a note of the other villages it went through and how often it ran. I also made note on other services such as mobility services and the number of public houses, educational centres and places of worship. This information is necessary to my study, as it will show which village is more developed and also which village is more economically developed. I think this information will be useful to collect, as it will enable me to collect the same information for each village making it a fair comparison. The methods chosen to collect the data were appropriate because the notes I made jogged my memory of what I fully saw when I got home. Also making a tally chart was a quick and simple way to note down the different services within the villages as I could fully write up the services when I got home. Making notes on the types and ages of buildings on maps provided made it possible to describe the morphology that has taken place over time. I thought using an OS map was a good method for working out the differences between the sites and situations of the villages as it gives a good perspective of whereabouts certain resources are that are needed to be noted to be able to compare the sites and situations. Whilst collecting my data I did encounter a few problems. Although the weather was good (it wasn't raining) it was very windy and cold. The wind kept moving sheets around and at times a bit uncontrollable. Also because it was rather cold it became uncomfortable to work and felt rather tiresome. In the village of Navenby because it was the largest village I found it hard to get around the whole village and collect all the relevant data in the time limit we were given. This wasn't a good thing as it could affect the results of my final work. I also found it difficult to get all the information I wanted. For example I was unable to get the details I wanted on population size as there was a limited availability to this resource and so I had to do my own research on the villages when I got home on the Internet. I also found it a bit difficult to read the map at times as some of the buildings weren't marked and so It was slightly difficult trying to figure out where I was standing and to w here certain buildings were. â€Å"How and why does the morphology of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† Navenby and Dorrington's land use is dominated by residential land use. However Navenby ‘s residential land use is nearly 75% more than Dorrington's. Other forms of land use within these two villages are education centres, places of worship, cemeteries, public houses and open land such as farmland and playing fields. â€Å"How and why do the levels of services of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† Both Navenby and Dorrington vary a lot when it comes to services. Although they both have some of the same services such as a butcher, public house, post office, public telephone, village hall church/chapel, a bed and breakfast and a gifts and crafts centre Navenby differs a lot because it has over 30 services whilst Dorrington only has 17 services. Both villages have mobile services, which include Fish, Library (on Mondays), Bread, Clinic, Milk or dairy sales and a Bank for Navenby and a mobile Bread and Butcher service for Dorrington. Graph One Graph Two â€Å"How and why do the sites and situations of Navenby and Dorrington differ?† See sketch maps. From this investigation I hoped to find how the characteristics of Navenby and Dorrington differ. I have found from my study that both villages are very different and only have very few similarities. Site: Navenby is the largest village and is also the best positioned as it is on top of a scarp slope so it would have been used as a lookout for when the village was under attack. The village is also not too far from a good source of water. Dorrington on the other hand is a very small village in comparison and is also in decline this could be due to the fact that it is on flat land and it not being near a good water source. Situation: From my studies I have learnt that the closer a village is to a large town then the larger the village is likely to be. Therefore, because Navenby is closer to Lincoln than Dorrington it is a larger village. Morphology: I have also learnt that the land use in both Navenby and Dorrington is residential with little farmland and basic services such as public houses, places of worship and education centres. Also from my investigation I have noticed that Navenby is a growing village. Due to it being on the main route between Lincoln and Grantham and that it is a good commuting village. Dorrington is in decline which is possibly due to it not being a very good commuting village has little services compared to Navenby and its nearest large town is Sleaford rather than Lincoln or Grantham. My accuracy of my data collected could have been more reliable if I had a longer amount of time to spend in the villages. If I had longer I could have had more time to find out things such as residential incomes, agriculture, population sizes, growth in services etc as these would all affect the growth or decline between the villages.

Discuss the relationship between literary and film versions of a particular ‘romance’ text

When a reader reads a novel and then watches a movie based on the book, they take in two very different perspectives. The use of camera techniques within the movie creates the story from the director's or script writers perspective, leaving the viewer only with one interpretation of the novel whereas when a reader reads the novel, he or she takes in a personal insight to the book and creates their own version to the narrative process. Wuthering Heights, written by Emily Bronte in the mid 19th century is a gothic novel which presents the love of Cathy Earnshaw and Heathcliff as a very innocent relationship whereby many people will see it as been a ‘teenage crush'. The novel is structured around two key points (purposes): the strong male ‘hero', and the romance between the hero and heroine (Cranny-Francis). Wuthering Heights is in many ways a romance novel (even though many critics choose not to agree). The term ‘romance' according to the Oxford English Dictionary the term is defined as: A prevailing sense of wonder or mystery surrounding the mutual attraction in a love affair. Cathy and Heathcliff's romance for one another is outside social due to economic circumstances therefore they do not marry even though their love for one another remains strong until the end of the novel (Cranny-Francis). The many movie versions made of Wuthering Heights have gotten a grasp on the main shared themes in the story yet however the differences between the two mediums is vital to the narrative structure. Heathcliff's character been vital to the storyline (as he is the novels key point of focus) is very important when making the movie versions of Wuthering Heights as he brings out the audiences response (Haire-Sargeant). Previously, film versions of Wuthering Heights have in fact attempted to explain the character of Heathcliff in a way the audience can connect with this character and achieve their expectations. Directors have been doing this change by altering parts of the story so that Heathcliff's character is not as evil as Bronte's character in the novel is; or by leading the audience or the reader as Bronte does to take in Heathcliff's good and wicked personality within his perspective. When Bronte wrote the novel, of course it had to have been linguistic. Movies however, cannot give the viewer every last detail that is in the novel and therefore have to adapt the book into a screenplay in order all the audience can understand its concept. Therefore changes and problems are created. The question which arises from every book turned into a movie becomes ‘does the movie mirror or replicate the context of the novel' which in so many words is not possible. To get every last detail of a four hundred page novel down in the short space of two/ or three hours will confuse the viewer as movies unlike novels do not ask for an audiences creativity to form the story it is already done and bought to life on screen. The question at hand therefore should be ‘how does the movie engage audiences/ viewers attention? Does it succeed in its own way? (Haire-Sargeant) This analysis of Wuthering Heights will be explored in William Wyler's 1939 version and also in Peter Kosminsky's 1992 version of the book. From the beginning of the novel Heathcliff is bought into the story as diclassi. He is bought home by Mr Earnshaw and is just explained to be ‘from the streets – a gipsy'. His background remains anonymous to the reader throughout the book as well as the movies (Cranny-Francis). In the novel, Nelly Dean tells Lockwood the narrative from her personal insight to the family having been with them for three generations. However, in Wylers movie the story is presented by first generation of Earnshaw and Linton. In the book, Bronte makes Heathcliff's character appear to be tall, dark, passionate, violent and uncivilised. Yet however, in Wyler's version of Wuthering Heights he has cast Lawrence Olivier to play the character of Heathcliff. He is characterised differently in this movie in comparison to the novel. Wyler and Olivier present Heathcliffs emotions and the cruelty he has had to bear from Hindley a great deal. This 1939 version of Wuthering Heights is what Haire-Sargeant describes as been ‘holographic'. The movies framing brings the movie together to form together a masterpiece work. Wyler controls a black and white of delicately shaded tonality; the powerfully expressed emotional and spiritual touch. The story through the use of extreme emphasis on visuals presents open space in comparison to the settings described by Bronte in the novel. (Haire-Sargeant p. p. 170-173). Wyler's movie has bought forth to the audience attention the connection between Heathcliff and Cathy and the emptiness of the world for both of them when not together (Hair-Sargeant). Peter Kosminskys 1992 version titled Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights did not achieve the audience response that the 1939 one received merely due to the fact of poor casting. French actress Juliette Binoche played both the characters of first generation and second generation Catherine. The controversy surrounding this poor casting was simply the fact that Catherine in Bronte's novel was from an English background. To cast a French to play the role of an English girl was part of the reason of why the movie did not seem to do well. Another interesting casting in this movie was the actor who took on the role of Heathcliff: Ralph Fiennes. Although he did not look in the part with his refined features, he quite differently to Olivier's performance of Heathcliff in the 1939 version presented a quiet, smiling torturer at play. This is a major personality characteristic of Bronte's Heathcliff in the novel. The cruel personality of Heathcliff in this movie version cannot be understood to be an act of anger or personality as the Heathcliff played by Olivier presents. Different to the 1939 Wuthering Heights and the book by Bronte, in this version it is not Heathcliff who holds the narrative process together but rather it is Catherine. The story in this version gave the character of Catherine more maturity and power as opposed to in the book where Bronte seemed to present an immature ‘school-girl' type of girl in the first generation Cathy's personality. Yet the most important factor to consider is the fact that Binoche took on the role of both mother and daughter each been delivered differently and fitting in together with the story. Unlike the book where Bronte focuses a great deal of volume one on the first generations childhood, the book just touches on it and skims past them really quickly leaving the audience to fill in the gaps. For example Nelly Dean's character in this movie only has a small role and does not state exactly who she is to the audience whereas in the book more then half of it is her narrative of the events circulating between the Earnshaws, Lintons and Heathcliff. Another example is the character of Hindley who is important to the novel. He fades off the screen as well as his wife, Frances, before the viewers' notice what happened to them. Kosminskys main interest in this movie was to show the viewer the great love story between Cathy and Heathcliff. Yet he gave the audience little time to grasp the storyline as he wanted us to focus primarily on the main ‘stars' without drifting the audiences mind towards other matters. Unlike Wyler's version however, like the book the 1992 version presented both the second generation as well as Lockwood. The end of the movie showed second generation Cathy and Hareton riding together a happy couple getting married soon. This romance developed gradually over a period of time in the novel whereas in the movie it is one of the final shots. This refers back to the point made earlier about Kosminsky's skimming over the lives of the characters in the story not letting the audience take in what is happening. Hareton's character in this movie version did not have an important role nor did he make much appearance whilst he was a central character in the novel. The key strength of the movie however, is the use of only key subject matters in relation to the story to make it fit perfectly into the duration time of two hours (Haire-Sargeant). The use of settings, tone and music all contribute to the construction of the film. When a reader reads the novel they create their own interpretation and felt emotions in regards to what is happening in the texts, but however with movies comes the fact that we are witnessing all one set perspective of the story. Music and scenery are a major aspect of witnessing something before us especially on screen. It reminds the viewer of how they see what is real and what is not real, therefore forming and revealing the storyline. The use of screenplay and Hollywood touches adds more drama to the actual story, making the love story appear to be more realistic for viewers and more ‘romantic' in relation to the novel where it is interpreted according to the readers' imagination. The book allows readers to go beyond the linguistic and explore deeply into the plot, whereas the movie is set images on screen and it is up to the viewers to accept or reject the shared ideas or themes introduced by the screen play writer and the actors acting out the novels characters. Wuthering Heights the novel is a well structured novel, which explores everyone and every event in sufficient detail for the reader to comprehend the story. It gives the reader the impression that they are part of the dramas of the characters lives and the reader has a connection with each storyline. The movie because it is so fast paced and shorter then the novel, the viewer can not make that special connection which keeps them enticed as they are not using their imagination but rather their sight sense. In conclusion, going back to the question bought up earlier in regards to whether the two movie versions made of Wuthering Heights have brought to life the novels' key strengths, the novel and the movie both are unique and interesting in their own set ways. Whilst the novel has been interpreted to be a Gothic novel with a metaphorical aspect of romance in it by many critics over the past centuries, the movie versions of this is novel is far from been described and categorised as been Gothic. It is a highly dramatic piece of work with a totally different presentation of the characters which Bronte firstly introduced in her 1800s novel. The novels plot thickens mainly around Cathy and Heathcliff and for a director to put this into action a lot of things need to be toned down as of the fact the story was written two centuries ago and the audience who view it in today's society will vary in ages therefore it needed to be played down so the viewer can take in more of the story and the characters and walk away with the basic concept of what the book is about. The use of sadism in Heathcliff's character is played down on in the movie versions of the novel, and although both the Heathcliff's played out by Fiennes and Olivier are differently presented they both sum up the main plot of the un-dying love between Catherine and Heathcliff that Bronte sought to present in her book but however, each director displays this theme accordingly to his own personal interpretations of the story.

Book Summary, Notes, and Study Guide for Frankenstein

Book Summary, Notes, and Study Guide for Frankenstein Frankenstein  was originally written by English author,  Mary Shelley (1797- 1851). Its complete title is  Frankenstein: or, the Modern Prometheus. It was first published anonymously in London on January 1, 1818. The second edition, under Shelleys name, was published in 1823.  A third  edition,  which included  a preface by Shelley and tribute to her late husband  who drowned in 1822, was published in 1831.  The book is a  Gothic novel  and  has also been called the first  science fiction  novel.   Author Mary Shelley was born in London August 30, 1797. She  developed the story of Frankenstein while on a summer trip to Switzerland in 1816  when she was twenty years old and  was traveling with her then married lover, Romantic poet  Percy Bysshe Shelley.   The story arose out of a competition between herself, Percy Shelley and their companions, Lord Byron and Byrons physician, John William Polidori, to write a tale about a supernatural occurrence. Mary initially struggled with an idea, but eventually, through listening to conversations between Percy and Lord Byron about attempts to reanimate corpses, current news stories, a dream, her imagination and own life experiences, a story emerged. According to Francine Prose, author of the introduction to a new illustrated   Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus, in the New Republic: One night, still puzzling over Byron’s assignment and trying to sleep, Mary had a vision in which she saw â€Å"the pale student of unhallowed arts kneeling beside the thing he put together. I saw the hideous phantasm of a man stretched out, and then, on the working of some powerful engine, show signs of life and stir with an uneasy, half-vital motion.† She lay awake, trying to imagine a story that would frighten the reader as much as she had been frightened, then realized that she had found it. â€Å"What terrified me will terrify others; and I need only describe the spectre which had haunted my midnight pillow. On the morrow I announced that I had thought of a story,† and set herself to making â€Å"a transcript of the grim terrors of my waking dream.†    The book,  Frankenstein, was completed almost a year after their trip to Switzerland. Shortly after the  trip to Switzerland, Percy Shelleys pregnant wife committed suicide. Mary and Percy married soon thereafter, in 1818, but Marys life was marked by death and tragedy. Marys half-sister committed suicide soon after the trip to Switzerland, and Mary and Percy had three children who died in infancy before Percy Florence was born in 1819.   Setting The story begins in the icy northern waters where a captain is traveling to the North Pole. Events take place throughout Europe, in Scotland, England, and Switzerland. Characters Victor Frankenstein: The Swiss chemist who creates the monster. Robert Walton: The sea captain who rescues Victor from the ice. The Monster: The ugly creation of Frankenstein, who searches for companionship and love throughout the story. William: Victors brother. The monster murders William to punish Victor and sets the stage for more tragedy and torment for Victor. Justine Moritz: Adopted and loved by the Frankenstein family, Justine was convicted and executed for killing William. Plot Rescued by the sea captain, Frankenstein relays events that begin as he pieces together a man using old body parts. Once he manages to create the horrible being, however, Frankenstein regrets his action immediately and flees his home. When he returns, he finds the monster is gone. Shortly after, Frankenstein hears that his brother has been murdered. A series of tragic events follow as the monster searches for love  and Frankenstein suffers the consequences of his immoral act. Structure The novel is a frame story with a three-part structure. The Creatures story is the core of the novel, which is presented to us framed by Victor Frankensteins story, which in turn is framed by Robert Waltons narrative. Possible Themes This book raises many compelling themes and thought-provoking questions and is as relevant today as it was two-hundred years ago. The search for love reflects a strong theme in Shelleys own life. The monster knows he is horrid and will never be loved, although he attempts to find love several times. He is constantly rejected and disappointed. Frankenstein, himself, searches for happiness through love, but he meets with the tragic loss of several loves. Mary Shelley was the daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft, who was an early feminist.  Tragic, weak, women are portrayed in the story Frankenstein actually begins to make a second female monster, to provide companionship for his own first creation, but he then destroys it and dumps the remains in a lake; Frankensteins wife dies tragically, as does the accused Justine- but is this because Shelley actually believes women are weak or does their subjugation and absence send a different message? Perhaps it is because female autonomy and power are perceived as a threat to the male characters. Without the presence and influence of women, everything that is important to Frankenstein is destroyed in the end. The novel also speaks to the  nature of good and evil, what it means  to be human  and to  live morally.  Ã‚  It  confronts us with our  existential fears  and  explores the boundary between life and death. It causes us  to reflect on the limits and  responsibilities of scientists  and scientific inquiry, and to think about what it means  to play God, addressing human emotion and hubris. Resources and Further Reading How Frankensteins Monster Became Human, The New Republic,  https://newrepublic.com/article/134271/frankensteins-monster-became-human Its Alive! The Birth of Frankenstein,  National Geographic, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2017/07-08/birth_of_Frankenstein_Mary_Shelley/ Monstrosity and Feminism in Frankenstein, Electrastreet, https://electrastreet.net/2014/11/monstrosity-and-feminism-in-frankenstein/